The Italian Ministry of Justice issued an international arrest warrant for Robinho after his conviction for rape was upheld.
The former striker of Milan and Manchester City lives in Brazil, which means that Robinho would face arrest only if he travels abroad because the South American country does not extradite its citizens.
The ministry asked the global police agency Interpol to issue an order.
In 2017, a court in Milan found Robinho and five other Brazilians guilty of gang-raping a woman after they poured alcohol on her in a nightclub. The verdict was passed by the Court of Appeals in 2020 and was confirmed by the Supreme Court of Italy last month.
Robinho, 38, always denies the accusations.